Safety starting device for explosive-engines.



No. 888,221. PATENTED MAY 19, 1908. G. P. GARY.

SAFETY STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVB ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17, 1907.

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is a side view of an end portion 0 UNITED STATES PATENT 0m CHARLES P. CARY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN N. scIsM OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

SAFETY STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINE S.

Specification 01' Letters Patent.

Patented May 19, 1908.

Application filed July 17, 1907. Serial No. 384,152.

To all whom it may concern:

-Be it known that 1, CHARLES P. CARY, a citizen ofthe United States, and resident of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Safety Starting Devices for Explosive-Engines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

' This invention relates to manually operated cranks required on internal combustion motors for the purpose of starting the rotation of the engine-shaft to compress the explosive charge and effect the initial explosion necessary to start the engine. It is a Well known fact that in said operation of starting the engine the initial explosion is sometimes effected prematurely, which causes a back action of the engine-shaft and a correspondingly back thrust of the handcrank. .Such action is liable to injure the person operating the crank.

The object of this invention is to provide simple, inexpensive, compact and safe means for guarding against the said liability of injuring the person operating the starting And to'that end the invention consists in the improved construction and combination of the component parts of the attachment of the starting crank hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawin s, Figure 1 l the engineshaft and the attaching end of the starting crank with the axial support thereof shown in longitudinal section: Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the attaching end portions of the aforesaid shaft and crank: Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line-X X in Fig. 2: Fig. 4 is a detached face view of the cam-rin Fig. 5 is a face view of the inner end of the crank: Fi 6 is a transverse secnot on the line Y Y in Fig. 1: And Fig. 7 is a detached plan View of the dog which detains the cam-ring. 'ar denotes the engine-shaft which is usually a crank-shaft operated by the pistons engines.

b represents the axial support or journal-box of said .shaft. Said support maybe partof the frame of the engine.

c'- represents the attaching end of the starting-crank which is supported axially in line with the tudinally toward and from the end of said shaft. To safely support the said crank as aforesaid I prefer to form the axial support with a longitudinalextension -'d-, in which the starting crank is journaled. To limit the longitudinal movement of said crank so as to retain it supported in the extension -d-, I form the interior of said extension with a circumferential rabbet e-- extending the greater port-ion of the length of the extension d and out through the end thereof. The attaching end -c of the starting-crank is formed with a head f which is journaled in the outer endportion of the rabbct e.- A shank f extends from the head -f beyond the inner end of the rabbet -e and is of the same diameter as the interior of the axial support bin which the inner end of the shank f is journaled. At a suitable distance i'roni the head f is a collar -g pinned onto the shank or otherwise rigidly attached thereto.

The inner end-portion of the rabbet eis occupied by a spirahspring -h which presses on the inner side of the collar g to push the crank from the end of the shaft a. In the part of the rabbet between the collar g and head f is a suitable stop to limit the outward movement of the crank. To allow the attaching end c of the crank to be inserted or to be withdrawn from its support -d when desired. I form the aforesaid stop of :1. removable screw i passing through a threaded aperture -i in the wall of the rabbeted part of the support (Z and into the rabbet.

To the adjacent ends of the shaft -'aand crank-c are rigidly secured cooperating-clutch-members preferably consisting of cylindrical heads of smaller diameter than the interior of the axial. support band formed with beveled engaging teeth '-tand with studs -j Whicu are rigidly secured in sockets i in the ends of the shaft and crank, preferably by means of pins Z- passing transversely through the shaft aand crank -c' and through the studs j j The described construction of the attachment of the clutch-members to the shaft and shaft a and movable longi-- crank is sim 1e and easily effected and ran ders the efliclency thereof safe and reliable;

.'n re resents a ring which is interposed between t e ends of the shaft --a and crank c-, and rotatable independently thereof. The outer periphery of the said ring is formed with a ratchet -0 which is engaged with the teeth of a dog -pdisosed in a tubular projection q projectmg radially from the axial support band having a cap rsuitably secured to thethe crank c is formed with outwardly inclined ca1ns-u which are adapted to engage correspondingly inclined bearings z, formed on the adjacent end of the crank c. It will be observed that the starting crank c is heldnormally free or disengaged from the engine-shaft --aby the action of the spring h and is retained in line with the said shaft by its support in the extension cZ of the axial support b Said axial support and its extension form a housing which completely incl'oses all parts of the safety starting-devices employed between the shaft and crank and thus shield and protect said parts from dust and mud which would be liable to impair the ef ficiency and durability of said devices.

To start the engine the person in charge must first push the crank inward in its aforesaid support so as to cause the clutehmem bers j-j to interlock as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Then by turning the crank cin a direction which causes the abrupt sides of the teeth t-tof the two clutchmembers to engage each other, the engine shaft receives rotary motion from the crank. In case the said shaft receives sudden reverse motion, incident to premature ignition of the explosive charge, the ring 'n is held stationary .by the dog p engaging the ratchet 0- of said ring. This causes the crank c to be pushed outwardly by the inclined bearings v thereof sliding off from the cams -u of the ring. Said. movement throws the clutch-members out of engagement and thus relieves the crank c from severe shock due to the reverse action of the engine-shaft.

' The crank ccan be removed from its axial support dby turning the screw i so as to cause it to move out of the rabbet e and thus allow the crank to be withdrawn from its axial support d when necessary for repairs or removal of either the collar -gor spring7zretain thering 'n n its position in relationto the dog p while the crank c is removed as aforesaid, I forlnthe exterior of said ring with a circumferential groove in order to p and provide the dog p with a pm pr stud p*. which engages the groove What I claim as my invention is 1. The shaft and crank formed with sockets in their adj acent ends, cooperating clutchmembers formed with studs rigidly secured in said sockets, the end of the crank formed with inclined bearings, a revoluble ring interposed between the crank and shaft and formed with cams disposed to engage the said inclined bearings, and a detent engaging said ring, in combination with the axial support formed with an extension jointly inclosing the aforesaid parts and provided with means for limiting the movements of the crank to and from the shaft.

The combination, with the engine-shaft,

.of the longitudinally movable starting crank formed with outwardly inclined bearings on its inner end, a ring interposed between the shaft and crank and provided witlrcorrespondingly inclined cams facing the end of the crank, the periphery of said ring being formed with a circumferential ratchet, the axial sup ort of the shaft formed with a tubular ra ial projection and with an extension inclosin the aforesaid parts, a dog disposed in said radial projection and engaging the aforesaid ratchet, a spring pressing the dog toward said engagement, and cooperative clutch-members fastened to the adjacent ends of the shaft and crank as set forth.

3. The combination, with the engine-shaft, of its axial support formed with a longitudinal extension, the starting crank journal'ed in said extension and movable longitudinally and formed with outwardly inclined bearings on its inner end, spring disposed to force the crank outwardly, a stop limiting the outward movement of the crank, cooperating clutch-members fastened to the ad jacent ends of the shaft and crank, a ring interposed between the shaft and crank and formed with outwardly inclined cams disposed to engage the inclined bearings of the crank, a circumferential rack formed on the periphery of the ring and a detent engaging said ratchet as set forth. Y

4. The combination, with the engine-shaft, of itsaxial support formed with a longitudinal extension and with an internal circum- ,ferential rabbet in said extension, the startlimit the outward movement of the crank,

cooperating clutch-members fastened to the ad acent ends of the shaft and crank, a rotatable ring interposed between the said ends and formed with outwardly inclined cams facing the end of the crank, correspondingly inclined bearings on the inner end of the crank, and means for holding the said ring stationary to push the crank out of engagement with the shaft by the engagement of the aforesaid cams and bearings. v

5. The combination, with the en inc-shaft, of its axial support formed with a ongitudinal extension and with an internal circumferential rabbet in said extension, the start-- ing crank formed with a head journaled in the outer end portion of said rabbet, and

collar of'the crank, a screw passing through i said aperture, cooperating clutch-members attached to the adjacent ends of the shaft and crank, a rotatable ring interposed between the shaft and crank and formed with a ratchet on its periphery and with outwardly inclined cams on the side facing the crank, correspondingly inclined bearings on the inner end-of the crank, a pawl engaging said ratchet and a spring pressing said pawl into engagement all combined to operate as set forth.

' 6. The combination, with the engine-shaft,

of a removable starting crank formed with.

ou twardl inclined bearin s on its inner end,

a rotatab e ring interposed between the shaft and crank and formed with correspondingly inclined cams facing the end of the crank and provided with an external circumferential groove, cooperative clutch-members fixed to the ends of the shaft and crank, and a detent engaging the ring and provided with a stud engaging the groove of said ring as set forth.

r CHARLES P. CARY. Witnesses:

J. J LAASS, J. N. SoIsM. 

